What is the primary purpose of a GFCI receptacle?

The primary purpose of a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) receptacle is to protect against electrical shock. GFCIs are designed to quickly disconnect power when they detect any imbalances between the outgoing and incoming electrical current. This is particularly important in areas where water is present, such as kitchens, bathrooms, and outdoor locations, because these conditions increase the risk of electric shock.

When a person comes into contact with a live electrical component and ground, the GFCI can sense that current is leaking and can cut off the electricity almost instantly, minimizing the risk of harm. Unlike other devices that might focus on energy efficiency or load management, the core function of the GFCI is safety, making it essential for protecting individuals in potentially hazardous environments.